Weather History Grid (ERA5)

Hourly historical weather sampled on a regular 0.25 degree latitude and longitude grid, covering 2 meter air temperature, precipitation, and 10 meter wind.

Open-MeteoWeather data ERCOT market CAISO market NYISO market PJM market SPP market MISO market ISO-NE market

Query with the agent Open on map

Native record

valid_time x location_id

hourly (reanalysis, ~4-5 day lag) publication cadence

Evidence

Observed market data

Published observations from the named source

In Ask the Grid

Wind on the ERCOT map

Values for the live grid surface

Overview

The data is ERA5 reanalysis, which trails real time by several days — this table never carries the current hour or the future, so questions about weather right now or ahead belong on the Weather Forecast Grid instead. Because load, wind output, and solar output all track these variables closely, the grid lets operators, traders, and researchers tie past demand and renewable generation to the temperature and wind conditions that drove them. Source: Open-Meteo.

Query contract

Preserve one canonical row per (valid_time, location_id) before aggregating.

Analysis rules

Group only after preserving the declared grain: valid_time, location_id.

Interpretation

This weather history is a re-analysis that trails the present by several days. It never contains today, and never the future. For current conditions or the hours ahead, use the Weather Forecast Grid instead.

Access

Query from your own tools

Use the guarded HTTP endpoint directly, or connect an MCP client and load the dataset contract with describe_data before calling query_data.

ERCOT MCP CAISO MCP NYISO MCP PJM MCP SPP MCP MISO MCP ISO-NE MCP BPA MCP API reference

HTTP endpoint

POST /api/v1/datasets/open_meteo_era5_grid/query

Schema50

Column

Type

valid_timeDateTime64(6, 'UTC')

location_idLowCardinality(String)

latitudeNullable(Float64)

longitudeNullable(Float64)

temperature_2m_cNullable(Float64)

apparent_temperature_cNullable(Float64)

dew_point_2m_cNullable(Float64)

relative_humidity_2m_pctNullable(Float64)

pressure_msl_hpaNullable(Float64)

surface_pressure_hpaNullable(Float64)

visibility_mNullable(Float64)

precipitation_mmNullable(Float64)

rain_mmNullable(Float64)

showers_mmNullable(Float64)

snowfall_cmNullable(Float64)

snow_depth_mNullable(Float64)

weather_codeNullable(Int64)

cloud_cover_pctNullable(Float64)

cloud_cover_low_pctNullable(Float64)

cloud_cover_mid_pctNullable(Float64)

cloud_cover_high_pctNullable(Float64)

evapotranspiration_mmNullable(Float64)

et0_fao_evapotranspiration_mmNullable(Float64)

vapour_pressure_deficit_kpaNullable(Float64)

wind_speed_10m_msNullable(Float64)

wind_direction_10m_degNullable(Float64)

wind_gust_10m_msNullable(Float64)

shortwave_radiation_wm2Nullable(Float64)

direct_radiation_wm2Nullable(Float64)

diffuse_radiation_wm2Nullable(Float64)

direct_normal_irradiance_wm2Nullable(Float64)

terrestrial_radiation_wm2Nullable(Float64)

sunshine_duration_sNullable(Float64)

is_dayNullable(Int64)

wind_speed_100m_msNullable(Float64)

wind_direction_100m_degNullable(Float64)

global_tilted_irradiance_wm2Nullable(Float64)

wet_bulb_temperature_2m_cNullable(Float64)

boundary_layer_height_mNullable(Float64)

total_column_integrated_water_vapour_kgm2Nullable(Float64)

snowfall_water_equivalent_mmNullable(Float64)

soil_temperature_0_7cm_cNullable(Float64)

soil_temperature_7_28cm_cNullable(Float64)

soil_temperature_28_100cm_cNullable(Float64)

soil_temperature_100_255cm_cNullable(Float64)

soil_moisture_0_7cm_m3m3Nullable(Float64)

soil_moisture_7_28cm_m3m3Nullable(Float64)

soil_moisture_28_100cm_m3m3Nullable(Float64)

soil_moisture_100_255cm_m3m3Nullable(Float64)

ingested_atDateTime64(6, 'UTC')

Sample data

valid_time	location_id	latitude	longitude	temperature_2m_c	apparent_temperature_c	dew_point_2m_c	relative_humidity_2m_pct	pressure_msl_hpa	surface_pressure_hpa	visibility_m	weather_code	cloud_cover_pct	cloud_cover_low_pct	cloud_cover_mid_pct	cloud_cover_high_pct	evapotranspiration_mm	et0_fao_evapotranspiration_mm	vapour_pressure_deficit_kpa	wind_speed_10m_ms	wind_direction_10m_deg	wind_gust_10m_ms	shortwave_radiation_wm2	direct_radiation_wm2	diffuse_radiation_wm2	direct_normal_irradiance_wm2	terrestrial_radiation_wm2	sunshine_duration_s	is_day	wind_speed_100m_ms	wind_direction_100m_deg	global_tilted_irradiance_wm2	wet_bulb_temperature_2m_c	boundary_layer_height_m	total_column_integrated_water_vapour_kgm2	soil_temperature_0_7cm_c	soil_temperature_7_28cm_c	soil_temperature_28_100cm_c	soil_temperature_100_255cm_c	soil_moisture_0_7cm_m3m3	soil_moisture_7_28cm_m3m3	soil_moisture_28_100cm_m3m3	soil_moisture_100_255cm_m3m3	ingested_at
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-99.75	50	-99.75	13.5	12.1	7.8	68	1025.1	974.6	∅	3	100	4	100	100	∅	0.08	0.49	1.61	95	3.8	97	3	94	8.9	456.6	0	1	2.25	102	97	10	440	16.3	13.5	11.6	10.2	5.9	0.361	0.358	0.212	0.251	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-99.50	50	-99.5	13.9	12.5	7.7	66	1025.1	979	∅	3	100	4	100	100	∅	0.09	0.54	1.55	105	4	124	7	117	21	452.5	0	1	2.14	106	124	10.2	510	15.5	13.7	11.7	10.3	7.2	0.259	0.275	0.252	0.227	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-99.25	50	-99.25	13.9	12.7	8.1	68	1025.2	980.8	∅	3	100	2	100	100	∅	0.08	0.51	1.37	100	4.3	119	3	116	9	450.4	0	1	1.94	102	119	10.4	515	15.6	13.5	11.6	10.6	7	0.267	0.285	0.254	0.195	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-99.00	50	-99	14.6	13.7	9.2	70	1025.1	988.5	∅	3	100	6	98	94	∅	0.08	0.5	1.3	62	3.9	103	0	103	0	446.3	0	1	1.74	72	103	11.2	270	16	14.8	12.6	11.3	7.5	0.235	0.254	0.158	0.127	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-98.75	50	-98.75	14.8	13.7	9	68	1025	990.9	∅	3	100	5	98	89	∅	0.08	0.54	1.57	59	4.7	117	15	102	45.8	444.2	0	1	2.02	70	117	11.2	335	15.9	15.5	13.2	12.5	10	0.325	0.31	0.167	0.18	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-98.50	50	-98.5	15.3	13.9	8.3	63	1025	993.9	∅	3	100	0	99	83	∅	0.11	0.64	1.62	68	4.6	173	59	114	181.9	440.1	3600	1	2.15	78	173	11.1	450	15	15.4	11.8	9	0.8	0.45	0.452	0.346	0.397	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-98.25	50	-98.25	15.6	14.1	7.6	59	1024.9	994.4	∅	3	100	0	100	97	∅	0.12	0.73	1.72	98	4.3	191	69	122	213.7	438	3600	1	2.34	101	191	10.9	825	14.3	15.9	12.2	10	5.2	0.417	0.387	0.221	0.309	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-98.00	50	-98	15.5	13.6	7.7	60	1025	995.4	∅	3	100	2	100	100	∅	0.13	0.7	2.47	111	5.1	199	64	135	200.2	433.8	3600	1	3.22	114	199	10.9	720	13	15.9	12.4	10.3	4.8	0.396	0.369	0.311	0.309	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-97.75	50	-97.75	15.5	13.8	8.1	61	1025.1	996.2	∅	3	99	1	58	99	∅	0.13	0.68	2.21	108	4.5	202	62	140	195.8	429.7	3600	1	2.82	110	202	11.1	745	12.5	16.3	13.3	12.1	8.2	0.404	0.391	0.315	0.326	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-97.50	50	-97.5	15.5	13.9	8.1	61	1025.2	996.3	∅	3	98	1	28	98	∅	0.12	0.68	2.06	113	4.7	203	64	139	203.1	427.6	3600	1	2.67	113	203	11.1	745	12.2	16.6	13.8	13.6	10.4	0.404	0.399	0.309	0.319	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-97.25	50	-97.25	15.3	14.1	8.5	64	1025.2	996.9	∅	3	99	2	29	99	∅	0.11	0.63	1.54	103	4.5	199	62	137	198.7	423.4	3600	1	2.03	106	199	11.2	725	12	15.9	12.9	12.3	9.7	0.404	0.407	0.305	0.323	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-97.00	50	-97	15.3	14.2	8.7	65	1025.2	997.5	∅	3	100	2	26	100	∅	0.11	0.62	1.36	96	4.2	195	61	134	196.5	421.3	3600	1	1.92	99	195	11.3	585	11.9	15.1	11.5	9.1	2.6	0.406	0.393	0.322	0.367	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-96.75	50	-96.75	15.4	14	7.9	61	1025.2	996.6	∅	3	100	1	6	100	∅	0.12	0.68	1.55	90	4.4	199	68	131	221.2	417	3600	1	2.16	97	199	11	675	11	15.5	12.6	12.3	9.3	0.407	0.386	0.306	0.344	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-96.50	50	-96.5	15.3	14.2	8.1	62	1025.2	994.8	∅	3	100	0	0	100	∅	0.11	0.66	1.1	90	3.8	211	82	129	269.5	412.8	3600	1	1.97	97	211	11	335	10.5	14.8	11.8	11.1	9	0.439	0.443	0.341	0.343	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-96.25	50	-96.25	15.3	13.7	6.8	57	1025.2	991.5	∅	3	100	0	0	100	∅	0.12	0.75	1.4	90	4.8	205	78	127	257.7	410.7	3600	1	2.33	100	205	10.4	725	10.4	14.5	12.2	11.9	11.4	0.247	0.256	0.214	0.214	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-96.00	50	-96	15.2	13.9	7.7	61	1025.3	992.8	∅	3	100	0	0	100	∅	0.11	0.67	1.32	81	3.8	199	68	131	227	406.4	3600	1	1.95	91	199	10.8	240	10.1	15.4	11.4	9.9	5.1	0.619	0.619	0.509	0.503	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-95.75	50	-95.75	15.2	14.1	8.3	63	1025.2	990.2	∅	3	100	2	0	100	∅	0.11	0.63	1.1	87	3.9	200	75	125	251.7	404.3	3600	1	1.96	94	200	11	750	9.9	14.5	10.8	9.1	4.4	0.597	0.583	0.436	0.543	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-95.50	50	-95.5	15.2	13.4	6.2	55	1025.3	988.7	∅	3	100	2	0	100	∅	0.12	0.78	1.64	102	4	211	99	112	335.8	400	3600	1	2.42	108	211	10.1	980	9.2	14.8	12.4	11.4	12.6	0.388	0.404	0.411	0.39	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-95.25	50	-95.25	15.1	13	5	51	1025.4	984.6	∅	3	100	4	0	100	∅	0.12	0.84	1.5	111	4.3	214	111	103	380.6	395.8	3600	1	2.51	113	214	9.6	980	8.6	14.2	12.2	12	13.6	0.393	0.409	0.413	0.388	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-95.00	50	-95	15	13	5.1	52	1025.4	985.8	∅	3	100	1	0	100	∅	0.12	0.82	1.43	115	4	216	114	102	393	393.6	3600	1	2.37	118	216	9.5	980	8.4	14.2	12.2	11.9	12.1	0.388	0.4	0.364	0.364	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-94.75	50	-94.75	14.8	13.1	5.4	53	1025.5	985.2	∅	3	100	0	0	100	∅	0.11	0.79	1	108	3.4	215	120	95	418.2	389.3	3600	1	2.04	115	215	9.6	1015	8.4	14.3	12.1	11.6	12.3	0.271	0.284	0.271	0.239	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-94.50	50	-94.5	14.8	13	5.3	53	1025.5	985.3	∅	3	100	0	0	100	∅	0.11	0.79	1.08	112	3.6	218	124	94	434.6	387.2	3600	1	2.08	117	218	9.5	1040	8.2	14.2	12	11	11.9	0.392	0.398	0.356	0.357	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-94.25	50	-94.25	14.6	12.5	4	49	1025.7	981.8	∅	3	100	0	0	100	∅	0.12	0.85	1.25	95	3.9	223	137	86	485.5	382.9	3600	1	2.34	101	223	8.9	1025	7.5	14	11.1	9.3	8.5	0.66	0.659	0.552	0.614	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-94.00	50	-94	14.3	12	2.5	45	1025.9	981.7	∅	3	94	0	0	94	∅	0.12	0.89	1.13	103	4.3	230	155	75	555.6	378.5	3600	1	2.25	107	230	8.2	955	7	13.8	11.3	10.6	9	0.685	0.691	0.658	0.645	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917
2026-09-20 23:00:00.000000	era5_50.00_-93.75	50	-93.75	14.3	12.4	3.5	48	1025.9	976.8	∅	3	83	0	0	83	∅	0.11	0.84	0.79	108	3.7	235	166	69	598.4	376.4	3600	1	1.69	109	235	8.6	255	7.1	13.5	10.5	8.4	1.2	0.676	0.678	0.611	0.645	2026-09-25 09:13:11.924917

Coverage

Published on a 7-day disclosure lag — ERCOT releases these reports 7 days after the fact, so the most recent ~7 days aren’t available yet. That trailing window is expected, not a gap in the data.

Showing the last 1,506 days of a 9,760-day history (Jan 1, 2000 → Sep 20, 2026). This dataset holds 6.48B rows — too many to count day by day on every visit — so the calendar and the figures below cover the window from Aug 7, 2022.

100.0% complete0 gap days1,506 days with data

Show coverage history

Coverage: 100.0%Days with data: 1,506Gaps: 0

2026

2025

2024

2023

2022

gaplessmore

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