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HIFLD Substations

A point-level inventory of electric substations across the United States, drawn from the Homeland Infrastructure Foundation-Level Data (HIFLD) program.

hifld.substationsHIFLDInfrastructure dataERCOT marketNYISO marketCAISO marketPJM marketMISO marketISO-NE marketSPP market
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One row per
substation x source snapshot
Snapshot cadence
Evidence
Reference data
Stable context used to interpret other datasets
Time basis
Point-in-time records
UTC · event_time

Overview

Each record locates a substation and describes its name, city and county, voltage class (minimum and maximum kV), the number of transmission lines connecting to it, its type, and its operating status. Substations are the nodes where voltage is stepped up or down and where transmission and distribution meet, so this dataset lets operators, planners, traders, and researchers see where the grid's switching and transformation points sit, gauge the relative importance of a node by its voltage and line count, and tie generation and load to the network that connects them.

Query contract
For the current inventory, select the maximum event_time first, then preserve one row per hifld_id. Keep older snapshots only for explicit inventory-history analysis.
Analysis rules
Never count or aggregate substations across multiple source snapshots.Keep latitude and longitude bounds inside the connected market boundary.
Interpretation
HIFLD is infrastructure inventory evidence, not an electrical connectivity or power-flow model.A visible substation does not establish spare capacity, deliverability, ownership approval, or interconnection feasibility.

Access

Plans
See available download and API access options. View pricing
MCP
Connect an MCP client and load the contract with describe_data before calling query_data.ERCOT MCPCAISO MCPNYISO MCPPJM MCPSPP MCPMISO MCPISO-NE MCPBPA MCPGreat Britain MCPAPI reference
HTTP endpoint
POST /api/v1/datasets/hifld_substations/query
Full history
Delivered to Snowflake, Databricks or your own storage on a schedule by Data services.
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Schema

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Sample data

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Coverage

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